√ 1 hā, “leave”

√ 1 hā

Present

I. jahat AB.,-hati etc. E.+

III. jáhāti jahati etc. V.+ (jahītam -īta -ītāt AV., jahīhi C. jahihi, jahāhi, jahimas etc. jahitam ajahitām AV.B., jahyāt etc. AV.+)

Passive

hīyáte etc. V.+ (hī́yate etc. TS.ŚB.), hīyanti E

Future

Simple Future: hāsyati etc. AV.+,-te etc. B.+; jahiṣyati etc. E.+

Periphrastic Future: hātā

Aorist

√-Ao: ahāt B.C.

^RAo: ajījahat C

-s-Ao: ahās (3s.) RV., ahāsma hāsus etc. V.B., áhāsi -sthās etc. AV.B

-siṣ-Ao: hāsiṣam etc. V.+

Precative: heyāt

Ao/Ps/3/sg: ahāyi AV.B.

Perfect

jahau jahús etc. V.+ (jahā RV. ?), jahe B

Causative

hāpayati etc. E.+,-te C. (jīhipas RV. ajīhapat.)

Verbal Nouns

PPP: hīná V.+, hāta, C., hāna AB., jahitá V.+; Inf: hātum B.+; ¹Abs: hitvā́ V.+,-tvī́ RV.,-tvā́ya RV. hītvā; ²Abs: -hā́ya B.+;-hī́yam TS

Derivatives

-hā V.B.	-hāyya B.	-hi ? C.	jihāsā C.
-ha E.+	hāna B.+	heya C.	jihāsu C.
hāyaka E.	-hāyas V.+	-hāvarī MS.	jáhā̆ka B.
hāyin JB.	hātavya E.+	hāpana C.	jahana C.
hāni U.S.+	-hāpanīya C.

Compare the next root. Two or three of the forms given above show the establishment of a secondary root-form jah.

Meanings

jahāti 2 v (jahati), PPP hīná & jahíta (q.v.) leave, forsake, abandon; emit, discharge, take off, cast aside, remove; give up, avoid, shun, lose. P.Ā hīyáte (hī́yate, ti) be left etc., remain behind, come short or be deprived of (Ab or I); come to harm, be a loser, fail (in a lawsuit etc.); decrease, wane, perish, be lost. Caus. hāpayati, te neglect, omit, give up, miss, lose. Des jihāsati wish to leave etc.

apa leave, abandon; P.Ā fall short, decrease.

ava leave, relinquish, give up. P.Ā remain behind, fall short or be deficient.

ni P.Ā fall short, fail, be deprived of (I).

pari leave, desert, forsake, omit, neglect, overlook. P.Ā be left etc., be deficient or wanting, decrease, wane, cease, vanish; fall short, fail; desist from, be deprived of (Ab).

pra leave, abandon, give up, resign. P.Ā be left or omitted, cease, vanish, succumb, lose. vipra leave, quit, resign.

prati disregard; P.Ā fail, lose.

vi leave, desert, forsake, give up, lose, resign; cease, desist. P.Ā stay behind, yield to (Ab); be diminished or lost. pravi & prativi give up, abandon.

sam leave (together); give up, resign.

Cf. apahāya, nihīna (add.), parihīṇa, prahīṇa, vihāya, vihīna, hitvā́.