Contents

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Passive (Ps)

Paradigm:

bhū

‘become’

PsS = bhūya

(cf. PrS = bhava)

Pr/Impf

PsS = Ps√ ya

(1)

PsE = I/ĀE

(2)

 

Ps√ = W√, but √A is changed as:

(i, u)

>

(ī, ū)

(3)

σKṛ

>

σKri

(4)

δKṛ

>

δKar

(5)

¬LbKṝ

>

¬LbKīr

(6)

LbKṝ

>

LbKūr

(7)

ā ∨ δA

⊃

ī

(8)

 

Note:

hve ‘call’

PsS = hūya

(9)

 

with X: aya + ya > aya

(10)

 

 

 

 

 

Pr

 

Impf

 

Ind

Imp

Opt

 

 

 

 

 

 

1/sg/Ps

Ps√ ye

Ps√ yai

Ps√ ye ya

a Ps√ ye

2

Ps√ ya se

Ps√ ya sva

Ps√ ye thāḥ

a Ps√ ya thāḥ

3

Ps√ ya te

Ps√ ya tām

Ps√ ye ta

a Ps√ ya ta

1/du

Ps√ yā vahe

Ps√ yā vahai

Ps√ ye vahi

a Ps√ yā vahi

2

Ps√ ye the

Ps√ ye thām

Ps√ ye yāthām

a Ps√ ye thām

3

Ps√ ye te

Ps√ ye tām

Ps√ ye yātām

a Ps√ ye tām

1/pl

Ps√ yā mahe

Ps√ yā mahai

Ps√ ye mahi

a Ps√ yā mahi

2

Ps√ ya dhve

Ps√ ya dhvam

Ps√ ye dhvam

a Ps√ ya dhvam

3

Ps√ ya nte

Ps√ ya ntām

Ps√ ye ran

a Ps√ ya nta

 

Ao

See Ao.

 

Fu/Pf and remaining forms

Ā is used with Ps meaning.