Contents

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√ śak, “be able”

√ śaṃs

√ śak

√ śaṅk

Present

V. śaknoti -nuvánti etc. V.+

Passive

śakyate etc. E.+,-ti etc. E

Future

Simple Future: śakṣyati -te etc. B.+

Periphrastic Future: śaktā

Aorist

√-Ao: śagdhí śaktam śákat etc. śakyām V

Th Ao: áśakat etc. V.+ (śakéyam etc. V.B.S., śakemahi U.)

RAo: aśīśakat

Perfect

śaśā́ka śekús etc. V.+

Causative

śākayati

Desiderative

śíkṣati -te etc. V.+ (śikṣāṇa E.; śiśikṣa C.; śikṣyate etc. C.; śikṣayati -te etc. E.+)

Intensive

śāśak-

Verbal Nouns

PPP: śakta E.+, śakita E.+;-śaktave RV

Derivatives

-śáka RV.

 

śákti V.+

 

śikvá AV.

 

śikṣaka E.

 

śakya U.S.+

 

śaktí RV.

 

śákvan V.B.S.

 

-śikṣin C.

 

śā́ka V.

 

śákman RV.

 

śíkvan V.B.

 

śikṣaṇa C.

 

śāká RV.

 

śā́kman RV.

 

śíkvas RV.

 

śikṣaṇīya C.

 

śā́kī ? RV.

 

-śíkman MS.

 

śáciṣṭha V.B.S.

 

śikṣeṇya S.

 

śácī V.+

 

śagmá V.B.S.

 

śikṣā V.+

 

śikṣú RV.

 

śāci ? RV.

 

śakrá V.+

 

śīkṣā B.+

 

śikṣuka GB.

 

 

The desiderative śikṣ has won a so independent use and value that it might well enough have been treated (like bhakṣ etc.) as a separate root. BR. devide śak (and śikṣ) into two roots, the second meaning “help”, but favor their ultimate identity.

 

There are other groups of words, not connectable with this or any other verbal root: thus, śakuná, śakúni, śakúnta, śakúnti V.+; śáka, śakán, śákṛt V.+; śaṅkú V.+, śakti (”spear”) E.+

 

Meanings

śaknoti v PPP śakta (q.v.) & śakita be able, P. śakyate impers. it is possible to (Inf) or pers. he is able to be, he can or may be (Inf w. pass. mg); be serviceable or helpful to (D), make another partake of (G). Des. śikṣati (q.v.).

 

anu be equal in (A).

ā assist (D), help a pers. (D) to (G), invite to (A).

upa help, impart.

pari master, overpower.

pra be able to (Inf).

sam be able to (Inf), w. na not be equal to or a match for (L or I).

 

 

 

 

Copyright © 2005 Lennart Warnemyr