Contents

Causative conjugation system (C)

 

 

 

P

 

 

Ā

 

 

Ps

 

 

Ind

Imp

Opt

Ind

Imp

Opt

Ind

Imp

Opt

Pr

Impf

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fu

()

()

()

()

 

 

 

Ao

1

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

Pf

2

 

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 RAo

2 RPeriphrastic

Paradigm

kṛ

‘do’

CS = kāraya

Pr/Impf

= [1K] A2K:

CS = G aya

(1)

= [1K] ¬ā A:

CS = V aya

(2)

= 1Kā:

CS = G paya

(3)

 

CE = IE

(4)

Note:

‘go’,

CS = arpaya

(5)

ruh ‘grow. climb’

CS = ropaya rohaya

(6)

 

Paradigm:

vad

‘say’

Ps:C,

‘cause to be spoken’

S = vādaya

Ps

aya + ya > aya, so:

 

Ps:CS= CS

(7)

Ps:CE = I/ĀE

(8)

 

vādayati (C) ‘cause to be spoken’ C/Ps/3/sg: vādayate

 

Paradigm:

pat

‘fall’

Fu:C,

‘will fell’

S = pātayiṣya

Fu

aya + iṣya > ayiṣya, so:

 

 

= [1K] A2K:

Fu:CS = G ayiṣya

(9)

= [1K] ¬ā A:

Fu:CS = V ayiṣya

(10)

= 1Kā:

Fu:CS = G payiṣya

(11)

 

Fu:CE = IE

(12)

 

 

Ao

The RAo is used here, but it is formed without the aya-infix; a long A is often shorted; the p in (3) above remains:

 

C/3/sg/P

Ao:C/3/sg/P

dṛś

darśayati ‘show’

adīdṛśat

jan

janayati ‘beget’

ajījanat

budh

bodhayati ‘awaken, instruct’

abūbudhat

dīp

dīpayati ‘kindle’

adīdipat

jñā

jñāpayati ‘instruct’

ajijñapat

 

Paradigms:

tuṣ

‘be pleased’

C/Pf:

‘has satisfied’

S = toṣayām+ās

 

‘measure’

Pf:C,

‘has caused

to be measured’

S = māpayām+cakṛ

 

Pf

 

Pf:CS = CS ām (Pfkṛ Pfas Pfbhū)

(13)

 

(Cf. Peripharastic Pf)