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R is the process of puting a √ with some changes before itself and it occurs in IIIPr,
RAo, Pf, Ds and Int.
Notation
As usual,
√ = [1K] √A[2K]
and,
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R√
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reduplicated root,
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RK
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consonant in the reduplicated root,
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RA
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vowel of the reduplicated root,
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1:1K
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the first K of 1K,
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2:1K
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the second K of 1K
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Two √-forms has to be noted:
√ = 1K √A[2K]
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R√√ = RK RA 1K √A[2K].
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(1)
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√ = √A[2K]
RK
√ = 1K
√A[2K]
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1K = Ś¬O:2:1K
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>
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*RK = 2:1K
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(3)
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1K = Vl: 1:1Ki K
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>
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*RK = Pl:1:1Ki
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(4)
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otherwise,
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*RK = HKi
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>
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RK = ¬HKi
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(6)
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otherwise,
√ = √A[2K]
Except for a
few √ in Ds and two √ in Int (i, S =
īyāya; ṛ, S = alar ) this
commonly occurs only in Pf.
III:RA is formed as:
otherwise,
Ao:RA is
formed as:
otherwise,
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√A is shortened so that RA 1K is prodically
long and √A[2K]
short (– ∪)
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(13)
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√
= 1K √A[2K]
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√A = ṝ̆
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>
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Pf:RA = a
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(14)
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√ = 1K δA
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>
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Pf:RA = a
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(15)
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otherwise,
√ = √A[2K]
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√ which are prodically
long use the periphrastic Pf or:
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(17)
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√ = a
σK
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>
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RS = ā σK
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(18a)
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√ = a
δK
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>
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RS = ān δK
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(18b)
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√ = i
σK
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>
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W:RS = ī σK
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(19a)
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S:RS = iye σK
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(19b)
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√ = u
σK
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>
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W:RS = ū σK
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(20a)
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S:RS = uvo σK
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(20b)
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√ = ṛ
σK
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>
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RS = ān σK
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(21)
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Ds:RA is formed as:
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√A = ū̆ ∨ (Ds-5)
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>
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Ds:RA = u
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(22)
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otherwise,
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√A = ā̆ ∨ ṝ̆
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>
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Int:RA = ā
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(24)
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√A = ī̆
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>
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Int:RA = e
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(25)
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√A = ū̆
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>
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Int:RA = o
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(26)
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Examples
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R-stems
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√
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IIIPr
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RAo
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Pf
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Ds
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Int
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dā ‘give’
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dadā°
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adīda°
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dadā°
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didā°
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dādā°
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hu ‘sacrifice’
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juho°
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ajūha°
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juhā°
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juhū°
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johav°
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bhū ‘become’
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-
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abībha°
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babhū°
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bubhū°
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bobhav°
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budh ‘awaken’
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-
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abūbudh°
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bubudh°
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bibādh°
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bābadh
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jñā ‘know’
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-
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-
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jajñā°
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jijñā°
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jājñā°
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kṛ ‘do’
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-
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acīkar°
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cakār°
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cikīr°
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(karikṛ°)
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