Contents

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√ tṛ, tir, tur, “pass”

√ tūrv

√ tṛ, tir, tur

√ tṛd

Present

I. tárati etc. V.+,-te etc. V.+

III. titarti etc. RV.C. tutorti.

IV. tī́ryatī ? AV.; tūrya RV1. táruṣema -ṣante -ṣanta RV

VI. tiráti -te etc. V.B.S.; turáti -te etc. V.B.

VIII. tarute RV1. 2 ? turyā́ma RV.

Passive

tīryate ? E

Future

Simple Future: tariṣyati etc. S.+,-te etc. E.+ tarīṣyati

Periphrastic Future: tarī̆tā

Aorist

√-Ao: atāri V.B. tīryāt

RAo: atītaras AV

-s-Ao: atārṣīt etc. S.+

-iṣ-Ao: átārīt etc. V.B.S. (átārima RV.; tāriṣat etc. V.B.S.; tāriṣīmahi RV.)

Perfect

tatāra V.+ (tatarúṣas RV.), terus E.+, tatare C.; titirus titirvā́ṃs RV.; tuturyā́t -yāma RV

Causative

tāráyati etc. AV.+,-te etc. S.+ (tāryateetc. E.+); turáyant V.,-yante RV

Desiderative

titīrṣati etc. B.+,-te etc. E., tū́tūrṣati RV. titarī̆ṣa-

Intensive

tartṛ- RV., táritṛ- RV., tártur- RV. tātṛ-

Verbal Nouns

PPP: tīrṇá V.+, tūrtá ŚB., tūrṇa S.+; Inf: tartum E.+, taritum E.+, tarītum E.+; 1Abs: tīrtvā́ AV.U.; 2Abs: -tīrya E.+,-tū́rya RV.;-tíram -tíre RV.; tarádhyai RV.; tarīṣáṇi RV

Derivatives

tára V.+

 

táras V.+

 

tartavya E.

 

tārá AV.+

 

tarín ? AV.

 

tarás SV.

 

taritavya S.+

 

tāraka E.+

 

tárya RV.

 

tárīyas RV.

 

-tárītu ? V.B.

 

tārin RV.E.+

 

tarī̆ E.+

 

táru ? RV.

 

-tarītṛ V.

 

tāryà AV.E.+

 

táraṇa V.+

 

táruṇa ? V.+

 

tarutṛ V.

 

tāraṇa E.+

 

taraṇīya E.+

 

tárus RV.

 

tárutra RV.

 

-tāraṇīya C.

 

taráṇi V.+

 

táruṣa V.

 

-taritra ? E.

 

-tārayitṛ B.

 

-taratha ? C.

 

tárūṣas RV.

 

-tárman RV.

 

 

 

-tira AV.B.

 

tirás ? V.+

 

tī́ra B.+

 

titīrṣā C.

 

 

 

 

 

tīrthá V.+

 

titīrṣu E.+

 

túr RV.B.

 

turas- RV.

 

-tūrti V.B.

 

táturi V.B.S.

 

túra V.+

 

turí RV.

 

tū́rṇi V.B.

 

-tartura RV.

 

turáṇa RV.

 

turyā́ TS.

 

-tū́rya V.B.S.

 

tuturváṇi RV.

 

 

 

 

 

toraṇa ? E.+

 

 

 

 

Compare roots √ tur (oftener given as a separate root), √ turv, √ tvar, and √ trā.

 

Meanings

tárati tárate tiráti tiráte turáti turáte titarti tarute v PPP tīrṇá (w. P & pass. mg) cross over, get through, overcome, subdue, escape; float, swim, rush on; be saved, survive; Ā emulate, content, also = Caus. tāráyati, te lead or help over (A), bring to (A or D), further, save. Des titīrṣati, te wish to pass over or to arrive at (A). I. tartarīti, tarītarti, PPP tárītrat get through, be victorious or fortunate.

 

ati & vyati cross, pass, overcome.

abhi overtake, get up to (A).

ava come down, descend (esp. from heaven to earth, mahīm), alight; betake one's self from (Ab) to (A); take place, happen; overcome, surpass. Caus. make descend, lead or bring (down) from (Ab) to (A or L); remove, take off, avert from (Ab); introduce, establish.

ā pass, cross, overcome; enlarge, increase.

ud the same + come up from (Ab), esp. out of the water (~ jalāt), escape, be saved from (Ab). Caus. cause to come out, vomit up, take off; lead or fetch over, save from (Ab), deliver, rescue. abhyud cross, pass, get through unto (D). samud = ud.

ni overthrow, humiliate.

nis come forth from, get out of (Ab); pass, finish, accomplish; overcome, master Caus. save, deliver; overcome, vanquish.

pra take to the water, cross over; start on, advance, increase, grow; lead on, further, strengthen, promote, prolong (esp. āyus the life); Ā live on. Caus. extend, lengthen; cheat, deceive; lead astray, seduce to (D or L). vipra Caus. cheat, deceive.

vi cross through, traverse; further, promote, prolong; remove from (Ab); destroy, frustrate; grant, bestow, give, offer; perform, cause, effect.

sam cross over, pass through (l. & f.), escape, be saved; also = Caus. bring over, save.

Cf. avatīrṇa, uttīrṇa, nistīrṇa, vitīrṇa.

 

 

 

 

Copyright © 2005 Lennart Warnemyr